Showing posts with label Shoah. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Shoah. Show all posts

Monday, June 28, 2010

Pinchas

Three years ago in our study group we constructed a number of big ideas for Parshat Pinchas, as we did for every other parasha we studied together.  One of the big ideas was:
You can find support for almost anything in the Torah if you are looking for it.
What are some of the ideas we can find this parasha?

  1. Extreme action can be warranted in extreme circumstances (Pinchas is rewarded for killing a couple engaged in illicit relations)
  2. Women have the same rights as men (the daughters of Tzelophehad are permitted to inherit their father's land)
  3. Leadership is an earned position, and can be withdrawn if the leader does something sufficiently wrong (Moshe will not lead the people into the land of Israel because of his actions at Meribah)
Yet each of these ideas presents challenges to us
  1. Is zealotry a positive attribute?
  2. Are the laws of inheritance as described in this parasha really as non-sexist as we would like to believe?
  3. If a leader is doing a good job on the whole, should a mistake cause him or her to lose his/her position?
Questions to think about:
  1. What do we say to the terrorist who believes s/he is acting on God's behalf?
  2. Is it intellectually honest to interpret Torah through the lens of modern thought?
  3. What kind of mistakes justify/necessitate removing a leader from office?
Issues that challenge us today:
  1. How do we respond to violent extremism?
  2. How can we reconcile differences between liberal and conservative religious thinking?
  3. How does the media change the way in which we view leaders?
Finally, here are the current issues that this parasha made me think of:
  1. 'Inglorious Basterds', the Quentin Tarantino movie about revenge against the Nazis has been discussed widely in the Jewish community.  Here is one article about a showing at the Museum of Jewish Heritage
  2. This article - Jew vs. Jew - is on an interesting site called Kehillah, Jewish Outreach Media Campaign.  I don't know if the site is active, but it has some interesting articles.
  3. David Brooks' article on June 24 about the media effect on the world is as usual provocative and articulate.   He speaks specifically about the Generals McChrystal and Petraeus in Afghanistan, but his thoughts concern broader issues of exposure and accountability.
How about you?  What do YOU think?

Friday, January 15, 2010

Odds and Ends, Thoughts and Ideas, Challenges and Questions

This post is longer than usual, but I hope you will find many things to think about.  And tonight is Shabbat, so you should have plenty of time to do your thinking!!
Please share your thoughts with the rest of the reading community so we can learn from each other.


From Michael Tucker, in the AARP Bulletin, January 1, 2010 edition on-line.


"Pen Man"
"You’d think that Indianapolis teacher Dan Stroup would have major writer’s cramp by now. That’s because every past and present student of his eighth-grade Bible class receives a personal, handwritten birthday letter from him every year. “I wanted them to know that I not only cared about them in the classroom but outside the classroom,” says Stroup, 54, who teaches at Heritage Christian School. Stroup figures he’s penned about 33,000 letters to 2,500 students over 25 years, using regular pens and tablets of lined paper. “If students know I care about them, they’re more open to what I teach,” he says."


What a wonderful idea - and what a valuable suggestion.  Can you think of ways to show your students  that you care about them?  How about helping them learn their Hebrew birthdays through a lesson on the Jewish calendar, and using that as an opportunity to both reinforce their connection to Judaism and to let them know you are thinking about them.  Just a thought.

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from Jeffrey Rosen, NYT Magazine, January 8, 2010:  Prisoners of Parole
Rosen writes about a pilot project to reduce parole violations, and through that reduce jail time, in Hawaii.  He writes that
"...a variety of recent research suggest[s] that people are more likely to obey the law when they view law enforcement as fair and legitimate."
While Rosen focuses on law enforcement and ways in which that can be more effective, surely the same ideas are relevant in the classroom.  The words that appear over and over in articles about classrooms that work include the following words:  fair, firm, consistent.  That is the big idea of Rosen's article, and it is a big idea in teaching and learning.
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from John Tagliabue, NY Times, January 5, 2010:  Rising Price of Faith in France's Shrinking Parishes
France has a problem with its churches.  The population is less and less active in religious practice, the number of priests is a fraction of what it once was, and the cost of upkeep of the admittedly beautiful buildings is higher and higher.  The solution in some towns has been to continue to support the traditional buildings, while in others the decision has been made to demolish what have become underused and increasingly expensive structures and replace them with modern and more efficient buildings.
"In other countries, notably England and Italy, disused houses of worship have been converted into homes, stores or museums. In France, there is an emotional resistance to the practice, though in Dijon, an abandoned church now serves as a theater, and in Alsace, also in the east, former synagogues now serve as museums."
Why am I bringing this article?  In my opinion the fundamental problem is inability or unwillingness to think seriously about the future.  For our institutions the questions we must ask include the following:

  • What is the infrastructure that is necessary to support a future that may look very different from today?  
  • Do our buildings meet the needs of tomorrow's Jewish populations?  
  • Do our institutions support creative and innovative programs that engage people whose connections to Judaism are based on a variety of different forces?  
  • Are we encouraging platforms for developing community that are realistic for today and tomorrow?

These are really important, really challenging, really tough questions.  We need to begin to answer them now.
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Footnotes in Gaza is a new book by Joe Sacco, reviewed on December 27, 2009 in the New York Times Book Review.  It suggests that the reason for Palestinian hatred of Israel can be traced to 2 incidents in 1956 during which Israeli troops massacred Arab residents during one of the many wars between Israel and her neighbors which have taken place over time.  Two letters to the editor of the NY Times challenge this assertion.
Choosing an arbitrary date on which to begin a historical narrative ignores what came before.  In the case of the Middle East situation one can hardly claim seriously that the conflict began in 1956.  How the author/illustrator does this is one thing - how the reviewer repeats this ridiculous accusation is even worse.
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from David Brooks, January 12, 2010: The Tel Aviv Cluster
If you want to feel really proud of being Jewish and having Israel 'in the family', read this article.
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If you are teaching about the Holocaust, or even if it is not a part of your regular curriculum, please take time to note with your students the death of Miep Gies, who helped hide Anne Frank in Amsterdam and saved her diary when the Frank family was deported to Auschwitz.  A detailed obituary is available at Legacy.com .  You can find a good resource for learning about her and about World War II at the following website:   http://teacher.scholastic.com/frank/miep.htm .  There are lesson plans appropriate for grades 4 - 8 on that website as well.
If you are looking for a Jewish source of information about Righteous Gentiles, this link to the Jewish Virtual Library website is a good resource.  It does not mention Ms. Gies, but it does mention several others who risked their lives to save Jews during the Shoah.

Wednesday, August 26, 2009

More on Revenge after the Shoah

Last night I saw a preview of a new play by Daniel Goldfarb - "The Retributionists". The story is loosely based on history - you can read the background at this article in the Jewish Week.

(excerpt below from 8/25/09 Jewish Week)

"Cohen’s book “The Avengers: A Jewish War Story” tells a revenge tale more fully, while also noting the consequences: Jewish acts of vengeance made Zionists uneasy since they knew it would hurt the cause of statehood. He focuses on partisans Abba Kovner, Ruzka Korczak and Vitna Kempner as they escape from the Vilna ghetto and form a paramilitary group that fought alongside the Lithuanian and Russian armies. After the war, several wanted to take justice into their own hands and formed a Nazi-hunting group called Nokmim, Hebrew for “the avengers.”

The group planned to poison the water supply of several German towns, but was thwarted by someone suspected of being a Zionist informant. Kovner was arrested by the British military before the plan went through, but the group’s backup plan eventually succeeded: a partisan disguised as a baker snuck into a Nazi prisoner-of-war camp where he rubbed arsenic on 3,000 loaves of bread. He then fled, anxiously awaiting the result. It remains unknown how many died, but The Associated Press reported days later, on April 26, 1946, that “nineteen hundred German prisoners of war were poisoned by arsenic in their bread early this week in a United States camp and all are ‘seriously ill.’”

You may want to examine this incident in more detail with your high school students.

One can also see this play through the lens of today's world - a world in which some people wish to right what they understand as historical wrongs through revenge against those they hold responsible, others seek to look ahead to plan positively for the future.

Big Idea:
  • After the Shoah ended, those who survived had differing responses to the tragedy.
  • The world continues to be a place in which some groups suffer at the hands of others.
  • We face a challenge in deciding on appropriate responses to wrongdoing.

Essential Questions:
  • What does Jewish wisdom tell us about response to evil?
  • What does Jewish wisdom teach us about punishment of wrongdoers?
  • What can we do about injustice in the world today that is aligned to Jewish thought?
Activities for Learning:
  • Read about Jewish social action here
  • Mazon, a group dedicated to fighting hunger in the world, has the following list of text sources on its website. Incidentally, the website also has quotations from every parashah along with suggestions for social action projects associated with each.
  • www.islamtoday.com is a site you may or may not want to visit. It includes an article about a joint Jewish/Moslem effort to fight anti-semitism and Islamophobia.
  • There was a symposium in 2005 entitled "Freeing the Captives; The Jewish Response to Human Trafficking. After reading the brochure, you or your students may want to contact one or more of the presenters for more information about this massive problem.
  • There are many Jewish organizations devoted to fighting injustice. Teams of students may research some of them: American Jewish World Service, Jewish Funds for Justice, The Jewish Service Corps, Hazon, Tzedek, Mechon Hadar, Uri L'Tzedek.
  • On1Foot is "an open-source online database of Jewish texts on social justice." It is a wonderful resource for planning learning.
  • Create with your students a plan for activities in pursuit of social justice in your community. Research needs, available services, population, etc. and decide how your efforts can be most productive. Be sure to include study of texts in planning and executing your activities.

Monday, August 24, 2009

Jewish Thoughts on Revenge

You may or may not want to see the movie "Inglourious Basterds" - I am personally not a fan of Quentin Tarantino's work, as I find the extreme violence is not to my personal taste - but I think we can not ignore the conversation that the film has motivated. You may be interested in reading the following article in the Wall Street Journal about reaction to Tarantino's newly released film.

First of all, the story told in this film is not history. That much is acknowledged by the creators and producers and emphasized in every story and review I have read.

Second: it is - as are all Tarantino's movies - filled with as much gratuitous violence as it is possible to include in a movie.

Third: when shown in preview to a group at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York City it was greeted with vastly different reactions from the audience - some cheered, some walked out.

Your high school students may very well have seen this film before school begins for the year - it opened BIG its first weekend. If you choose to ignore it you will miss an opportunity to use it as a trigger to discuss some important Jewish values:
  • What does Jewish wisdom say about revenge?
  • What does Jewish wisdom say about guilt? about forgiveness? about compassion? about contrition? about reward and punishment?
Big Ideas:
  • There is evil in the world.
  • People are responsible for evil they do.
  • Judaism has some clear guidelines governing reward and punishment.
  • Judaism includes the concept of teshuvah - translated either as repentence or returning.
  • Elul is traditionally a time of the year when Jews work at teshuvah

Essential Questions:
  • What is the Jewish understanding of teshuvah?
  • Is there a Jewish response to evil?
  • What are some Jewish ideas on reward and punishment?
  • What does Judaism say about taking revenge?

Some Resources for finding the answers to the essential questions:
Assessments:
  • Your students will see how Jewish thinking is and is not supported by popular culture.
  • Students will be able to support their opinion, with reference to sources, that teshuvah is or is not possible for those who perpetrated the Shoah
  • Elul will become a time during which students will purposefully work at teshuvah in their own lives
  • Students will begin to use "Jewish language" in describing the world around them.

Further Thoughts:
Your students will probably return to class having heard at least some minimal discussion about the release of the person who was convicted in Scotland of responsibility in the Lockerbie disaster. Why not take the opportunity to discuss this in the context of the information they have read concerning "Inglourious Basterds" about reward and punishment, compassion, revenge, etc.


If you are addressing any of these issues in your Jewish classroom, please share your thoughts with the rest of the readers by commenting on this post. We have much to learn from each other.